Policy Analysis of the WASH Systems in Indonesia

Cade, Tiaralei

Policy Analysis of the WASH Systems in Indonesia

Persistent URL

https://dspace.allegheny.edu/handle/10456/56242

Author(s)

Cade, Tiaralei

Date Issued

April 11, 2023

Abstract

Indonesia is the largest island nation in the world and in the last two decades, there have been many efforts by the government and various NGOs to alleviate the issue of unsafe sanitation and hygiene. Despite governmental interventions, many regions both urban and rural still lack access to clean water. Safe sanitation and hygiene programs are fundamental as they affect not only the health of a population, but also help to reduce poverty levels, increase food security, ecosystems, and education levels. It is critical to look at the progress and effectiveness of interventions that have been made in regards to sanitation in order to provide recommendations for how to proceed in the future. Not all policies have the same levels of success in different countries and even different regions in a particular nation. Indonesia is an interesting case study because of its unique geographical features which have resulted in a heavily decentralised government and distinct cultural beliefs and traditions. In recent years, the country has focused on educational campaigns, sanitation programs, and microfinance programs to improve its sanitation systems. In this policy analysis, the effectiveness of the various strategies that the Indonesian government has implemented have been analysed, and it was found that a combination of all three programs would be recommended to maximise effectiveness. This paper utilises a four-step rational policy analysis model, in which the policies are first identified and the criteria are established. Based on the criteria (cost, time, equity, and effectiveness), an assessment was completed which found that the STBM and microfinance programmes were ranked as the best overall policies with an overall score of 3.25/5, followed by the educational programme with an overall score of 2.75/5. Further analysis found that increased funds, as well as improved communication between different governmental levels, better enforcement policies, and increased training for sanitation and hygiene staff are the main recommendations moving forward in Indonesia’s efforts to improve their WASH systems.

Major

Environmental Science

Global Health Studies

Honors

Environmental Science and Sustainability, 2023

Global Health Studies, 2023

First Reader(s)

Waggett, Caryl E.