How Not To Be in the Wrong Place at the Wrong Time: An Education Primer for Use with Deposition of Centromeric Histone H3 Variant CENP-A/Cse4 into Chromatin Is Facilitated by Its C-Terminal Sumoylation

Abstract

Recent work by Kentaro Ohkuni and colleagues exemplifies how a series of molecular mechanisms contribute to a cellular outcome-equal distribution of chromosomes. Failure to maintain structural and numerical integrity of chromosomes is one contributing factor in genetic diseases such as cancer. Specifically, the authors investigated molecular events surrounding centromeric histone H3 variantdeposition-a process important for chromosome segregation, usingSaccharomyces cerevisiaeas a model organism. This study illustrates an example of a post-translational modification-sumoylation-regulating a cellular process and the concept of genetic interactions (e.g., synthetic dosage lethality). Furthermore, the study highlights the importance of using diverse experimental approaches in answering a few key research questions. The authors used molecular biology techniques (e.g., qPCR), biochemical experiments (e.g., Ni-NTA/8His protein purification), as well as genetic approaches to understand the regulation of. At a big-picture level, the study reveals how genetic changes can lead to subsequent molecular and cellular changes.